1. Discuss the need for scientific research in the field of psychology. How does psychological
research obtain and use empirical evidence?
2. 2. Earlier in this lesson, we read about research suggesting that there is a correlation between
eating cereal and weight. Cereal companies that present this information in their advertisements
could lead someone to believe that eating more cereal causes healthy weight. Why would they
make such a claim and what arguments could you make to counter this cause-and-effect claim?
3. 3. Select one of the ethics case studies included in the lesson or in the article link above and
discuss the ethical violations. Refer to the characteristics of an ethical research project in your
response. Would it be possible to reproduce this study under the current guidelines for ethical
studies? Explain your answer.
4. Healthcare professionals often work rotating shifts. In your own words, why is this problematic?
What are the psychological, social, and physiological challenges related to rotating shifts?
Consider sleep deprivation, high levels of stress, or side effects from medication in your
response.
5. Imagine that you have a big midterm exam at the end of the week. In your own words, describe
the three types of memory storage and which study techniques you would use and why. Explain
the connection between the types of memory and the study techniques you chose.
6. Select one of the drugs discussed in your lesson. In your own words, discuss the controversial
issues related to the drug and why these discussions are important in the field of psychology. Be
sure to support your position.
Quiz;
1 of 10
When a psychological test produces the same results from one time and place to the next or
from one scorer to another, the test is said to be ________.
reliable
valid
biased
conditional
Question
2 of 10
Which of the following research designs will allow cause-and-effect conclusions?
correlational
experimental
quasi-experimental
survey
Question
3 of 10
If a psychologist used a heart monitor to test academic achievement, a criticism of this
procedure would be that it lacks ________.
reliability
validity
variability
bias
Question
4 of 10
The Tuskegee Syphilis Study was ethically problematic because ________.
only black men were invited to participate
participants were not allowed to seek available treatment
penicillin was not administered to the men’s wives
the study was continued for approximately 40 years
Question
5 of 10
Deception is _____________ permitted in research studies.
never
only allowed to maintain the integrity of the research, but not harmful
only allowed when the researcher determines it is in the best interest of the study
Question
6 of 10
________ means that there is a relationship between two or more variables.
cause-and-effect
correlation
reliability
validity
Question
7 of 10
A(n) ________ is a well-developed set of ideas that proposes an explanation for observed
phenomena.
conclusion
hypothesis
operational definition
theory
Question
8 of 10
After reading "Psychology in Everyday Life: Critically Evaluating the Validity of Websites, you can
conclude:
a. There is no difference between scientific research and other published materials in
the field of psychology
b. There is a difference between scientific research and other published materials in the
field of psychology.
c. There is no way to critically examine a website for valid information
d. Examining the websites domain (.com, .gov, or .org) can help determine the validity of
the website.
e. A and C
f. B and D
Question
9 of 10
The most direct method to test a hypothesis about a cause and effect relationship is to develop a
theory.
False
True
Question
10 of 10
In test construction, the development of uniform procedures for giving and scoring a test is
standard deviation.
False
True
1 of 10
The act of getting information out of memory storage and back into conscious awareness is
known as ________.
encoding
hyperthymesia
retrieval
storage
Question
2 of 10
What can you do to realign your biological clock with the external world when you work a
rotating shift?
Expose yourself to bright light while working.
Surround yourself with darkness while working.
Take a break every hour to exercise for five minutes.
Take regular naps throughout the day.
Question
3 of 10
In order to remember his lines for the play, Guy repeats his lines over and over again. This
process is called ________.
declarative memory
hyperthymesia
rehearsal
relearning
Question
4 of 10
The sleep-wake cycle which occurs every 24 hours.
Endogenous
Melatonin
Circadian rhythm
Question
5 of 10
Memory boosters like "Never Eat Shredded Wheat" to remember information such as directions
or "My Dear Aunt Sally" to solve mathematical equations are known as ________.
Association
Recall
Mnemonics
Question
6 of 10
As you are taking this test and attempting to consciously recall the information that you have
read in the textbook to select the correct answer, you are using ________.
explicit memory
priming
short-term memory
implicit memory
Question
7 of 10
In order for a memory to go into storage (i.e., long-term memory), it has to pass through three
distinct stages: sensory memory, short-term memory, and ________ memory.
encoded
long-term
sensory
visual
Question
8 of 10
Sleep apnea is defined by ________.
a sense of panic in the sufferer often accompanied by screams and attempts to escape
episodes during which a sleeper’s breathing stops
uncomfortable sensations in the legs during periods of inactivity or when trying to fall
asleep
unwanted, disruptive motor activity and/or experiences during sleep
Question
9 of 10
In a ________ dream, people become aware that they are dreaming and can control the dream’s
content.
K-complex
lucid
REM
theta wave
Question
10 of 10
________ is one of a group of sleep disorders in which unwanted, disruptive motor activity
and/or experiences during sleep play a role.
insomnia
NREM phase
parasomnia
REM phase
