Sociology
Sociological
Imagination
Spring
2014
Chapter
6
True or False-
Write your answer
Sociologically, an act cannot be classified as deviance
if it does not cause physical or emotional harm to another individual.
Answer:
Functionalists believe deviance has no useful purpose in society and only
contributes to social chaos.
Answer:
Based on the research of Martín Sánchez-Jankowski, the reasons urban youth
join gangs include recreation, leisure, and to protect the community.
Answer:
Multiple
Choice- Circle your answer
Violations of norms and rules that are written into law
are officially called ________.
A) ethics
B) values
C) folkways
D) crimes
The concept of the relativity of deviance is BEST
illustrated by which of the following statements?
A) It is not the act itself, but the
reaction of others to the act that makes it deviant.
B) The nature of one’s behavior is
the most important aspect in determining deviance.
C) Deviance is most related to
functionalism because it creates a dysfunction for society.
D) Deviance is
analogous to mental illness.
A group’s usual and customary social arrangements, on
which its members depend and on which they base their lives, is called
________.
A) social control
B) sanction
C) social order
D) social guideline
What is a group’s formal and informal means of enforcing
norms called?
A) social solidarity
B) the social imperative
C) social control
D) social bond
In an effort to resist the label of “deviant,” most people will
develop rationales to justify their deviant acts. Sykes and Matza refer to
these rationales as ________.
A) ideologies
B) techniques of neutralization
C) strategies of justification
D) labeling
Which type of sociologists would consider deviance to be a natural part of
society?
A) functionalists
B) symbolic interactionists
C) conflict theorists
D) neo-conflict theorists
Because of ________, deviance is often seen as mental sickness rather than
problematic behavior.
A) capital punishment
B) reactions to deviance
C) the symbolic interactionist
approach
D) the medicalization of deviance
The theory of behavior in which people who associate with some groups learn
an “excess of definitions” of deviance, increasing the likelihood
that they will become deviant is ________.
A) conflict theory
B) social control theory
C) strain theory
D) differential association theory
Please answer
the short answer questions on a separate piece of paper. Label the page
“Chapter 6” and be sure to have your name on the paper .
Short Answer
Questions
In control theory, what is the difference between inner
and outer controls?
What are the five techniques of neutralization identified
by Gresham Sykes and David Matza? Provide an example of each.
According to
Durkheim, list three main functions that deviance provides for society. Provide
an example or illustration of each.
Chapter
7
True or False-
Write your answer
In a caste system, social
stratification is based on ascribed status.
Answer:
In a class system, there is little opportunity for
movement between classes.
Answer:
The term “socialism” describes an intermediate step between capitalism and
communism in which social classes are abolished but some individual inequality
remains.
Answer:
Multiple
Choice- Circle your answer
A system in which groups of people are divided into
layers according to their relative power, property, and prestige is referred to
as ________.
A) social stratification
B) social networking
C) the diversification of society
D) multiculturalism
What is the basis of India’s caste system?
A) race
B) religion
C) ethnicity
D) education
Social mobility refers to ________.
A) rigid stratification
B) discriminatory practices
C) changing class
D) moving to another location
In every society in the world, __________ is a basis for social
stratification.
A) race
B) gender
C) age
D) education
The spread of an economic system based on investing to make profits, which
is becoming the world’s dominant economic system, is referred to as ________.
A) the globalization of capitalism
B) the capitalization of the world
economy
C) the economic colonization
D) the periphery of nations
Some nations have traditionally been in poverty from one generation to the
next, relying on tradition rather than experimenting with new technology that
might improve their standard of living. This explanation for global
stratification is called ________.
A) culture of poverty
B) world system theory
C) dependency theory
D) theory of undeveloped nations
Please answer
the short answer questions on a separate piece of paper. Label the page
“Chapter 7” and be sure to have your name on the paper .
Short Answer
Questions
Define social stratification AND
discuss the three systems of
social stratification.
What are the three models of global stratification
discussed by the author of our text?
Chapter
8
Multiple
Choice- Circle your answer
What are the three variables Max Weber identified as
defining social class?
A) ethnicity, race, sex
B) property, power, prestige
C) sex, power, education
D) occupation, neighborhood, wealth
What is Durkheim’s term for a condition in which people become detached
from the norms that guide their behavior?
A) compurgation
B) primogeniture
C) negative affective state
D) anomie
Changes in society that cause large numbers of people to move up or down
the class ladder, which causes one class to increase while others decrease, is
called ________ mobility.
A) exchange
B) automatic
C) structural
D) intragenerational
If 100 working-class people
move upward on the class ladder and, at the same time, 100 middle-class people
move downward, sociologists would consider this an example of ________
mobility.
A) structural
B) intergenerational
C) upward
D) exchange
The trend in the United States
in which MOST poor families are headed by women is called ________.
A) the male supremacy
B) the economic genderization
C) the feminization of poverty
D) the culture of poverty
________ are the MOST likely
segment of the population in the United States to experience poverty today.
A) Children
B) The elderly
C) Middle-aged adults
D) Young, single males
Please answer
the short answer questions on a separate piece of paper. Label the page
“Chapter 8” and be sure to have your name on the paper.
Short Answer
Questions
Define social class.
Discuss the three reasons social class has such an impact
on someone’s health.
List the ways in which social class affects people’s
experiences in life.
Chapter
10
True or False-
Write your answer
Gender stratification refers to the unequal access to
power, property, and prestige of males and females based on their sex.
Answer:
Sociologically, “gender” and “sex”
are interchangeable terms that have virtually the same meaning.
Answer:
Sociologically, females
are appropriately classified as a minority group.
Answer:
The number of members in an age
cohort determines the size of a “baby boom” or a “baby bust.”
Answer:
Continuity theory and disengagement
theory are aligned with the functionalist perspective.
Answer:
Multiple
Choice- Circle your answer
While the notion of gender refers to sociological
characteristics, the concept of sex refers to ________ characteristics.
A) psychological
B) biological
C) philosophical
D) anthropological
The fact that nearly 80 percent of engineering degrees are awarded to men
while 90 percent of library science degrees are awarded to women illustrates
the phenomenon of ________.
A) feminization of the workplace
B) gender tracking
C) affirmative action
D) political correctness
When many students graduate from college, they are able to earn an extra
$1,465 a month between the ages of 25 and 65. These students manage to earn
this bonus by ________.
A) majoring in business
B) being born male
C) joining an influential
fraternity/sorority
D) majoring in medicine
What term refers to the
maximum length of life that is possible for a species?
A) life expectancy
B) life span
C) life cycle
D) life course
Prejudice, discrimination, and hostility directed against people because of
their age is called ________.
A) reverse discrimination
B) disengagement
C) ageism
D) age cohort
Who proposed the Social Security plan that was finally adopted by Congress
in 1934?
A) Franklin D. Roosevelt
B) Francis Townsend
C) Robert Butler
D) Lyndon Johnson
Please answer
the short answer questions on a separate piece of paper. Label the page
“Chapter 10” and be sure to have your name on the paper .
Short Answer
Questions
What is feminism?
What is gender stratification? Generally speaking, what
are the consequences of gender stratification?
Define the term
“graying of America,” and describe the consequences of this social
transformation.
Chapter
12
True or False-
Write your answer
The term family is difficult to define because of
the many varieties of family displayed in the world’s cultures.
Answer:
A society that prohibits interracial marriage by law is
enforcing endogamy.
Answer:
Functionalists
note the incest taboo serves to avoid role confusion in families.
Answer:
Although women are having children at a later time in life, more married
women give birth today than did twenty years ago.
Answer:
Please answer
the short answer questions on a separate piece of paper. Label the page
“Chapter 12” and be sure to have your name on the paper .
Short Answer
Questions
Discuss how marriage and family are viewed from the three
sociological perspectives.
Matching Questions
Match the term with the
definition.
|
1. 2) family 3) family 4)family of procreation 5)polyandry 6) patrilineal system 7) endogamy 8) exogamy 9) system of descent 10) egalitarian society 11) gendered division of labor 12) “adultolescent” 13) blended family 14) cohabitation 15) incest
|
A) the family in which an individual grows up B) a social structure in which descent is traced only on the C) how kinship is traced over generations D) the practice of marrying outside one’s group E) people who occupy the same F) a G) authority equally divided H) sexual relations between relatives I) the J) the K) a family whose members were once L) two or more people related by M) unmarried couples living in a N) another O) the |
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