Quiz 7 Top of Form Stratification can best be defined as

Quiz 7

Top of Form

Question 1(10 points)

Question 1 unsaved

Stratification can
best be defined as ________

Question 1 options:

	divisions created between groups of people in a society based on the social prestige accorded by a person’s occupation, lifestyle, or membership in certain organizations.
	the unequal distribution of wealth that results from private ownership and people’s tendency to preserve surplus wealth rather than share it with others.
	systematic inequalities between groups of people that arise as intended or unintended consequences of social processes and relationships.
	divisions created between groups of people in a society based on laws that distribute power unevenly and limit social mobility.

Save

Question 2(10 points)

Question 2 unsaved

Of the following
social theorists, whose ideas about private property and social conflict could
be said to align most closely with those of Karl Marx?

Question 2 options:

	Jean-Jacques Rousseau
	Thomas Malthus
	Vilfredo Pareto
	John Millar

Save

Question 3(10 points)

Question 3 unsaved

Which of the following
is an example of an asset, as defined in your text?

Question 3 options:

	a projected salary increase
	a piece of property
	a person’s human capital
	a person’s social capital

Save

Question 4(10 points)

Question 4 unsaved

Tina believes that
inequality is necessary to keep Earth’s population in check. Her view is most
consistent with the views of which theorist?

Question 4 options:

	Adam Ferguson
	John Millar
	Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel
	Robert Malthus

Save

Question 5(10 points)

Question 5 unsaved

Georg Wilhelm
Friedrich Hegel’s theory about inequality is called ________

Question 5 options:

	the elite–mass dichotomy.
	the status hierarchy system.
	the master–slave dialectic.
	status-attainment model.

Save

Question 6(10 points)

Question 6 unsaved

Which of the following
standards of equality was key to the arguments of civil rights leaders in the
1960s?

Question 6 options:

	equality of opportunity
	equality of condition
	ontological equality
	equality of outcome

Save

Question 7(10 points)

Question 7 unsaved

Your friend Gabriel is
wearing a t-shirt that says, “Ask me why I support affirmative
action.” When you ask him, he says he is in favor of affirmative action
because he believes everyone deserves an equal starting point. What type of
equality is Gabriel arguing in favor of?

Question 7 options:

	ontological equality
	equality of condition
	equality of outcome
	equality of opportunity

Save

Question 8(10 points)

Question 8 unsaved

Which of the following
scenarios is an example of the free-rider problem?

Question 8 options:

	Except for elite runners, people gain access to the New York Marathon through a lottery system. Everyone has the same chance of being picked, except that if you apply three years in a row and do not get in, you are automatically admitted the following year.
	Four campers go to gather wood for their respective families. Though they agreed to gather equal amounts of wood, one person hurts her ankle and is not able to gather as much wood. Nevertheless, before returning to their families, the four people divide the wood up evenly between them.
	Four friends wait in line overnight to get the best seats to see a popular band. As they are finally entering the arena, another friend of theirs strolls into the VIP section. They later learn that he was able to secure a VIP pass through his family’s connections.
	A group of six teenagers is trying to get 100 signatures for a petition. They meet three days before their deadline to see how they are doing. Two of the teens have collected 25 signatures each, totaling 50. But the other four teenagers have only collected 25 signatures between the four of them, so the group is still 25 signatures short. The two teens who collected the most signatures are irritated about the poor results from the other four.

Save

Question 9(10 points)

Question 9 unsaved

The ________ is a
politically based system of stratification characterized by limited social
mobility.

Question 9 options:

	estate system
	class system
	caste system
	elite-mass dichotomy system

Save

Question 10(10 points)

Question 10 unsaved

Which of the following
is a religion-based system of stratification?

Question 10 options:

	status hierarchy system
	estate system
	status-attainment model
	caste system

Save

Question 11(10 points)

Question 11 unsaved

Why do the three
partners who own a small graphic design business fit into what Erik Olin Wright
calls contradictory class locations?

Question 11 options:

	While their level of educational attainment would categorize them as upper class, their income potential puts them in the middle-class category.
	Each of them spends some time performing highly skilled tasks and some time performing clerical tasks.
	The fact that they own their own business puts them in the capitalist class, but they do not control the labor of others.
	They are part of a high-prestige field, but within the field they are at the low end in terms of income.

Save

Question 12(10 points)

Question 12 unsaved

In responding to
surveys asking them to rank various occupations according to status, people
place more emphasis on the ________ of the position than the position’s
________

Question 12 options:

	educational requirements; income level.
	income level; perceived difficulty.
	perceived difficulty; educational requirements.
	income level; educational requirements.

Save

Question 13(10 points)

Question 13 unsaved

A meritocracy is
________

Question 13 options:

	a society in which power is held by a small governing elite comprised of the wealthiest individuals.
	a society where status and mobility are based on individual attributes, ability, and achievement.
	a politically based system of stratification in which power is distributed unequally and limited social mobility exists.
	a system of stratification characterized by little vertical mobility and much horizontal mobility.

Save

Question 14(10 points)

Question 14 unsaved

C. Wright Mills sees
the consolidation of power among a small number of institutions and leaders as
________

Question 14 options:

	the natural result of a meritocracy.
	the best possible way for a society to function.
	a necessary evil for the smooth functioning of society.
	harmful to the interests of the masses.

Save

Question 15(10 points)

Question 15 unsaved

Socioeconomic status
can best be defined as ________

Question 15 options:

	an individual’s position in a status hierarchy system.
	the level of social mobility an individual experiences in his or her life.
	an individual’s position in a stratified social order.
	the total of an individual’s assets.

Save

Question 16(10 points)

Question 16 unsaved

How did the post–World
War II economic boom contribute to a blurring of the lines between the middle
class and the working class?

Question 16 options:

	The need for manufacturing jobs increased due to the economic boom, and both middle-class and working-class laborers were needed to fill the roles.
	Higher wages for working-class whites gave these individuals greater access to markers of a middle-class lifestyle, such as home ownership, a college education for their children, and more leisure activities.
	Higher wages for working-class laborers meant that many women from working-class families who had worked during the war were able to quit their jobs and stay home to fulfill the ideal of the traditional family.
	More working-class individuals were able to take part in leisure activities—vacations, sports, cultural events—that brought them into greater contact with people in the middle class and resulted in blurred class boundaries.

Save

Question 17(10 points)

Question 17 unsaved

What has the pattern
in income growth among low-, middle-, and high-income earners in the United
States over the past 30 years looked like?

Question 17 options:

	Middle-income individuals have experienced greater income growth than those at the highest and lowest ends of the bracket.
	Incomes at the highest end of the bracket have stagnated, while low-income and middle-income individuals have experienced slow but steady growth in their incomes.
	Incomes at all levels have increased at about the same rate.
	Income growth for high-income individuals has far outpaced that of middle- and low-income individuals.

Save

Question 18(10 points)

Question 18 unsaved

Michael Hout’s
interview on the value of a college degree explains some of the difficulties
for certain families to send their children to college. According to Hout, what
is one source of difficulty?

Question 18 options:

	Families are having more children, and paying for multiple college educations is difficult.
	The cost of college is increasing, and a larger proportion of costs are borne by individuals and families rather than states.
	The number of college seats is limited, and upper-class students are usually able to enroll earlier than lower-class students.
	The availability of scholarships, which many families relied on, has decreased greatly over the last few decades.

Save

Question 19(10 points)

Question 19 unsaved

The interview with
Jeffery Sachs highlights the structural, ecological, and historical aspects of
global inequality. Which of the following reasons is NOT a reason Sachs gives
for inequalities between many countries in Africa and many countries in the
rest of the world?

Question 19 options:

	Colonial powers profited from colonialism, often at the expense of the countries they colonized in Africa.
	Due to geography, countries in Africa could not easily implement irrigation agriculture and thus could not take part in the Green Revolution.
	Many Africans resisted globalization, as aspects of it threatened their traditional ways of life.
	Africa carried a higher burden of disease due to the way that malaria and other diseases are transmitted through animal hosts.

Save

Question 20(10 points)

Question 20 unsaved

Mobility tables help
us to analyze individual mobility by ________

Question 20 options:

	examining income and educational attainment.
	comparing exchange mobility and structural mobility.
	comparing changes in occupational status between generations.
	examining the attributes of people who end up in more desirable occupations.

Save

Question 21(10 points)

Question 21 unsaved

The decline in
manufacturing jobs and the growth of service-sector jobs over the last 30 years
has created opportunities for what kind of mobility?

Question 21 options:

	structural mobility
	horizontal mobility
	exchange mobility
	vertical mobility

Save

Question 22(10 points)

Question 22 unsaved

Exchange mobility
occurs when ________

Question 22 options:

	changes in the economy bring about an expansion or contraction of jobs in a certain sector.
	an individual makes a lateral move within a system of social stratification.
	an individual moves into a different social status from the one into which he or she was born.
	some people move up into better jobs and others move down into worse ones, but the overall number of jobs stays the same.

Save

Quiz 7 Top of Form Stratification can best be defined as

Order a similar assignment, and have writers from our team of experts write it for you, guaranteeing you an A

Order a similar assignment, and have writers from our team of experts write it for you, guaranteeing you an A