Statistics Discussions

Please provide a 250-300 word explanation for the below
discussion questions and please include APA style in-text quotation marks,
citations, and references!!

Statistics Discussion Week V

Correlation and
Regression vs. Cause and Effect

1.
In correlation and regression we are examining
relationships between two or more variables (i.e., ad spending and sales).
However in most studies we do we cannot say that one variable (ad spending)
causes the other (sales). Why not? What has to be the case for us to discuss
one variable “causing” another?

Statistics Discussion Week V

Class Project

2. By the end of this week you should know
which statistics test you will be using for your project.
In this week’s
discussion I want the class to determine which
test you think you should be using and why for your project
. I will keep an
eye on the discussion to make sure it is going in the right direction.
Hint…there is a reason you are doing this discussion this week. (Below is the upcoming project criteria).

Class project-I will submit this for
completion assignment later!!!!

*** The purpose of the Class
Pricing Project
is for you to determine if the prices at one retail
establishment are lower or higher than another retailer. You will need to
compare the prices of at least 30 items (minimum sample size) at two different
retailers to see if there is a statistically significant difference between the
prices of the two retailers. Be sure the 30 items are exactly the same items
(product, brand) sold by each retailer. For an outline of the project, follow
the Steps in the Process of Hypotheses Testing that starts on page 177 of your
Ravid and Haan text. Be sure to explain how you calculated your statistical
test. You can do the calculations by hand or can use software (i.e., SPSS,
Excel). If you did the calculations by hand show the calculations as part of
your report. If you do the calculations by software, include your output in the
report. The Class Pricing Project is due on the last day of class. Each student
will make a brief (5-10 minute) presentation of her/his project to the
professor using Eluminate or Skype during the last week of class. You need to
email me to determine a time to do the presentation. Feel free to let me know
if you want to discuss this project on the phone or by Skype. I will submit this portion for
completion later

T-Tests and Chi
Squares

3.
What is the difference between a t-test and
Chi-square test? What does each do? When you we use each?

Statistics Discussion Week VI

Reliability and
Validity

4.
Explain the concepts of reliability and
validity. Why are they important to research and statistics? How do we measure
each of these? What happens if the questionnaire we use is determined to not be
reliable or valid?